Aortic Anomalies
Right Aortic Arch
- General
- Most are asymptomatic
- Unless they cause encircling vascular ring like pulmonary sling
- Can be complex lesions requiring multiple projections
Left Aortic Arch With Anomalous Right Subclavian Artery (RSCA)
- Occurs in less than 1% of people
- RSCA passes posterior to esophagus
- Pushes trachea and esophagus forward
- Produces oblique shadow above aortic arch on frontal film
- Origin of RSCA may be dilated
- Diverticulum of Kommerell technically was defined with a right aortic arch and anomalous left subclavian artery (LSCA)
Right Aortic Arch
- Types
- At least five different types
- Only two of importance
- Mirror Image Type — Type I
- Aberrant left subclavian — Type II
- General considerations
- Recognized by leftward displacement of barium-filled esophagus
- Of air-filled trachea
- Aortic knob is absent from left side
- Aorta descends on right
- Para-aortic stripe returns to left side of spine just above diaphragm
- Mirror-image type almost always has associated congenital heart disease (CHD)
- Usually Tetralogy of Fallot
- Aberrant Left Subclavian type rarely has associated CHD
- Most common variety of right arch
Type 1—Mirror Image Type
- Secondary to interruption of left arch just distal to ductus arteriosis
- Associated with congenital heart disease 98% of time
- Imaging Findings
- No posterior impression on trachea or barium-filled esophagus
- Heart is usually abnormal in size or shape
- Aorta descends on right
Mirror-image right aortic arch. This contrast-enhanced axial CT scan at the level of the aortic arch
demonstrates a right sided-aortic arch. There is no retrotracheal, retroesophageal
aberrant left subclavian artery. This is the mirror-image variety
with a high association with congenital heart disease..
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